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Madison up to this point has not been held to be right by a majority of congress or the courts, so I don't hold truck with that. On the "God Made Earth" bit, that is a matter of BELIEF. Prove that creation had no hand in divinity. Wait, no, that's not entirely possible. The entire point of divinity is that it is something that exists outside of empirical science. It cannot be either proven, nor unproven. Science and Religion are not mutually exclusive, because they inhabit separate realms of the human mindset.
You don't really understand how science works, do you? You don't -prove- anything; rather, you do the opposite. Moreover, there IS nothing that exists outside of science, in the sense that if science cannot describe something, ever, then it means that it does not matter. Anything which can be observed can be studied by science, and thus made a part of science, and anything which interacts with the universe can be observed.
As such, only a deific god, or a FSM type deity is beyond the reach of science, and a universe with those sorts of gods would be indistinguishable from one without a god. Which is to say, it does not matter if those gods exist. If a god is beyond science then it does not matter if they exist because they have no bearing on the universe.
And which is more likely: that a god that never interacts with the universe exists, or that they don't exist at all? The latter is the default, really, per occam's razor, much as we don't believe in the invisible pink unicorn (May her hooves never be shod). In any event, what is "god" anyway? A powerful alien being?
Regarding deific intervention in the creation of the earth, there is no evidence that any sort of deity did intervene in its creation, or in abiogenesis, and abundant evidence to the contrary - there are no signs of design in nature or the Earth.
As for Madison: that doesn't change the fact that he was right, just as the 14th amendment took a long time to truly percolate through the system.
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I have never said "we should have religion in schools". All I have said is that there are those that try and construe the "Seperation of Church and STate' farther than I think was intended. You think otherwise. You also think that "religion in schools is evil". What we have here is a core values difference. I hold that religion and god, as a concept, are no more evil than basic morality, concepts of right and wrong, etc. They are ideas. When people use ideas as the justification for evil, does that make the idea evil, or the deed itself evil?
Thing is, religion by definition relies on faith, and faith is fundamentally bad. Faith is about denial of reality, not accepting it, not learning more about it, but rather pushing it away. You BELIEVE in the place of UNDERSTANDING, of KNOWING. That's what's wrong with religion.
As Voltaire said, he who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities.
I don't think that anyone actaully advocates a further separation of church and state than was intended from the Founding Fathers; it is blazingly clear that Jefferson and Madison believed that the state should have no part in religion and vice-versa. School prayers in public schools definitely goes against that. There is no question at all. There is simply no justification for it. Your only justification is "well, it doesn't -really- mean what it says." That is what you're saying.
But Jefferson spoke of a wall between the two. That's pretty seperate.
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You believe your values set is more correct, I believe mine is. And this is what plays out on the national stage. You think the US was founded to be a purely secular State. I think it was created as a state with a modicum of secularism to be free of the problems plaqueing some religious minorities in England. Who we are influences how we are interpreting events and how the law should be read. As long as we can maintain civil discourse on the matter, things can move forward in whichever way the majority decides via democracy.
Except this is blatently the opposite of reality. This is the very problem with faith; it is abundantly clear from looking at who the Founding Fathers were that they were very much opposed to governmental involvement in religion. Several of the most important fathers were atheists, and many more were deists. They wanted religion out of the government, and government out of religion.
Moreover, the point is not what the majority decides, but rather what the law dictates is right. The purpose of the constitution is to protect against the so-called tyranny of the majority; indeed, the US was designed NOT to be a democracy, but to be a democratic republic precisely to protect minority groups from majority groups, and even to protect the majority groups from themselves. Democracy is not a good thing inherently, and it has to be more than two wolves and a sheep deciding what to have for dinner, which is what you seem to believe it is.
No, it doesn't matter what the majority wants. What matters is what is right. And what is right is the separation of church and state and secularization. If you like religion in government, move to the middle east.
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Science and Religion are not mutually exclusive
Of course they're mutually exclusive. The reason why religion has reacted poorly to science in recent times is because science has shown religious beliefs to be outright wrong in many cases. The earth is more than 5000 years old, for example, barring a literal reading of genesis and basically all other religious texts, and a great deal of "religious history" has been shown to have been distorted, which creates rather hostile reactions at times.
Faith is the opposite of science; science kills faith, because it can treat it as a hypothesis then test it in many cases - and then it doesn't pan out. For instance, "the earth is 5000 years old" is a testable hypothesis, and has been falsified - the Earth is much older than that. "Man was created separate from animals" has again been falsified - humans are animals, and were not created at all, but rather were the product of evolution.
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Star, you misunderstand my point. My point is that Religion is based on Belief. Belief CANNOT be proven. You BELIEVE in God, or a religion. But you do not however BELIEVE in a chair. You KNOW a chair exists. A chair's existance can be proven. It is empirical. If someone actually went out, and PROVED that God exists, philosophically it would prove nothing. Because the moment you proved God exists, it would cease to be God.
Which means that God doesn't exist, as if it cannot be proven, then it has no interaction with the universe in any way. And it is far, far more reasonable to believe that God doesn't exist than to believe in the IPU.
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I am not using my argument to say that God created the world. I am merely saying that the BELIEF of God creating the world is just that. A belief. It has no basis in the empirical world. The systems of Knowledge and the systems of belief function very differently. As that one cannot empirically prove or disprove God, I never try to argue it. Because the very idea of arguing it is nonsensical. So one of my chief problems is when people say "God and Religion are bollocks because you can't prove them". Well, yes, You can't prove them. If you could prove them, that completely negates the point of "faith" and "belief". If you can't hold truck with either of those concepts, that is up to you.
Thus, you can BOTH know the world was created billions of years ago through gravity and other such phenomanae, as well as BELIEVE that God played a hand in that. They are not mutually exclusive, because they are completely different things. Where people tend to get weird is when they try to blend the two.
You can't believe that god created man and understand evolution properly, or how humans came to be. The two are mutually exclusive, because evolution has no place for God.
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Why believe anything at all? Why believe in love, hope, right, wrong, justice and truth? These are all at their core just concepts. Concepts we give meaning to, but no more. Religion and God, at their core, are concepts. They are given weight because humans have decided to. Why each given person has chosen to believe in their faith is ultimately between them and their faith. They are not compelled to justify or rationalize it. This is part of the human condition, and has been around since the dawn of man. To dismiss any and all faith, in my mind, is to deny a core part of what it is to be human.
we can observe love, hope, right, wrong, justice, and truth. Love is actaully pretty easy. Hope is much more complicated. Right and wrong are value judgements, which is to say, they are dependent on what we value. They are not scientific, but science can help us determine what is right and wrong for a given value system - for example, if I want to lower crime, I can look at studies and see whether the steps I am contemplating have been taken previously and what their effects are, and see whether it would be effective or if there is no evidence of efficacy. Justice is a very complicated value judgement. Truth, however, actually is something that is a part of science, if you define "truth" to mean "what is", which is the usual definition.
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And if the idea of believing in a concept which can or cannot be proven false/true does not makes sense to you, then there is a fundamental values difference in how you perceive the world and how the religious perceive the world. And this is a bridge which you may never be able to cross. What leads to the highest conflict though, is for each side to label the other as "wrong", "illogical" or "immoral".
Uh, except that faith is by definition illogical, because logic is all about proving things, while faith is all about -not- doing so. Being wrong, likewise, is generally seen as a bad thing, because being right has value - you can build on right things.
Finally, if we want to talk about being immoral, it is almost universal that lying is immoral, and yet, religious folk lie about their beliefs all the time, acting as though they were certain truths, as opposed to unproven suppositions or just outright wrong. Likewise, indoctrination is generally viewed as wrong - but religious folk do not see that they participate in it themselves in many cases.
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Some of the worst bigots in history have been those that have attempted to empirically justify their beliefs. Not just in terms of Religion, but also those that advocate Social, Economic or Political change. There is a great danger in attempting to meld things mired in Belief and those in Empirical Fact. When you have someone who believe that they and they alone are correct in their belief, you also have someone more likely to kill or commit evil acts in order to "prove" or silence those that disagree with them. There is an innate tyranny in those that believe all opposing beliefs are inherently wrong and need to be "corrected".
Yes, which means that religion is immoral, because by definition they believe that they are correct in their beliefs - that is what faith is.
And there isn't an innate tyranny in it. Tyranny is when you take a poor approach to it.
I personally advocate the game where we just systematically destroy religion via early diversity education and early exposure to science. It is entirely effective and requires no indoctrination or otherwise "immoral" actions on our part, it has real, clear benefits to everyone (early exposure to religious diversity in a positive light, as well as to science, results in people treating other people better in general, as well as more intelligent people) and will simultaneously have a negative effect on religiousity, all while not hurting anyone. I am content letting religious folk die of old age.
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My problem is that people don't use the term Nontheist anymore, if they ever did, even when it's the right term to use. Everything is "atheist". Skeptics call themselves atheists, agnostics (and many of their variants) call themselves atheists, post theists call themselves atheists and naturalists and deists call themselves atheists. When I read "I'm an atheist" I automatically think strong atheism, and this is simply not the case most of the time. It would be good if people were more specific with their beliefs, at least specifying "weak" (implicit) or "strong" (explicit) atheism.
Its kind of a bullshit distinction anyway.
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What I'm trying to get at is that the school could put up things like this reflecting religious views if it accepted all beliefs equally. Like, not putting just anything up there, but important or relevant things without discriminating the belief. For example, the prayer. It's up there because, while it has a religious connotation and can be seen as a particular religious endorsement if no other point of view is up there with it, it is message of the morality the school wants to achieve. The school could express this desire and goal in many ways akin to the plurality, which would reflect the diversity of opinion richly.
Even if it's not something required by the Constitution, it would make everyone feel at home and become familiar with other points of view, instead of closing the students to the outside world.
Thing is, it is explicitly barred by the Constitution. You simply cannot have any endorsement of religion whatsoever. Everything must have a purely secular purpose.
You could write a motto or something similar on the wall that was purely secular; it should not be in the form of a prayer.
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I feel like ceremonial deism is a sad compromise that, while somewhat reasonable given modern practice, is something of an acceptance of the failure of separation between church and state. It's absurd that the United States, supposedly agnostic, has a Christian motto, and that its currency praises God, and that school children are asked to recognise God on a daily basis. These might become trite and meaningless over time, but their origin is in religious practice that is deeply offensive to the principles on which the country was founded. For this reason, a stronger Supreme Court would rule against this, as well as the motto, as well as the religious symbolism on the currency, as well as congressional ritual prayer, as well as the pledge. They are the guardians of the constitution, after all.
Its because the Supreme Court justices are religious. That being said, it also probably isn't correct, and will likely fall sometime in the near future.
It is worth recalling that the whole "mandatory pledge" thing was not heard by the Supreme Court because they ruled that her dad didn't have standing, most likely because they knew if they did have to rule on it, they would have to rule against forcing people to recite the pledge.
Also, to be fair, its not a Christian motto, but a Judeo-Christian one. Still obviously illegal, though. But the truth is that the SC tends to move a bit slowly at times. It will come around.
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It's also very disrespectful of everyone saying "I BET YOU WOULDN'T EVEN CARE IF IT WAS ANYTHING OTHER THAN CHRISTIAN", as if anyone who opposes your view has to be Catholic or something. I'm also pretty annoyed at people saying "furthermore, 'In God We Trust' is illegal, the Pledge is illegal, so this is certainly illegal". How could you even make that argument when they're very obviously happening all the time legally?
Except they're not. And indeed, the current wording of the pledge was pointed out to be illegal in the 1950s when the idiots put it into the pledge. "In God we Trust" is likewise an illegal endorsement of religion.